Articles

Addictive Design as an Unfair Commercial Practice: The Case of Hyper-Engaging Dark Patterns

September 11, 2025
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Fabrizio Esposito, Thaís Maciel Cathoud Ferreira
This article explains why hyper-engaging dark patterns, which are addictive digital interfaces, should be considered unlawful in the European Union. These patterns exploit the dopamine cycle, reduce user autonomy, and can harm health. The Unfair Commercial Practices Directive should prohibit them as undue influence or under Article 5. The Digital Services Act and Artificial Intelligence Act can also help combat their spread.
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